AG32 has a maximum main frequency of 248 MHz, 128KB of SRAM and 1MB of Flash memory. It supports floating-point operations, has 1 CAN2.0 interface, 5 UART interfaces, 2 I2C interfaces, 2 basic timers and 5 advanced timers. In addition, AG32 also integrates Ethernet MAC, supports USB FS+OTG, and has a watchdog timer, 3 12-bit ADCs (up to 3M SPS, 17 channels), 2 DACs, 1 dual-channel 2x comparator, RTC and SPI interfaces. AG32 also has built-in 2K CPLD resources, which provides additional support for the customized logic of energy storage devices. The comprehensive use of AG32's high-performance processor, rich peripherals and CPLD resources can effectively meet the various needs of energy storage devices.

The energy storage system (ESS) consists of the following parts:

Battery Management System (BMS)

• Monitoring: Use three 12-bit ADCs to monitor battery cell voltage and current. Each ADC has up to 3M SPS and 17 channels, which can accurately monitor multiple battery cells in real time.
• Temperature Sensing: Use ADC channels to read the output of temperature sensors to monitor the thermal state of the battery pack.
• Balancing: Use MCU-controlled GPIO to implement the balancing algorithm of battery cells.
• Floating Point Support: Use floating point units for precise calculations, such as state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH) estimation algorithms.
• Real-time Clock (RTC): Record battery usage and operation history.

Power Conversion System (PCS) 

• Control: Uses 5 advanced timers and 2 basic timers to generate PWM signals to control the DC/DC converter and inverter.
• Feedback loop: Uses ADC to obtain feedback signals from voltage and current sensors of the converter/inverter.
• Ethernet MAC: Used to communicate with smart grid and other network devices.

Energy Management System (EMS)

• Communication: Use 5 UART, 2 I2C and 1 SPI interfaces to exchange data with other system components.
• Control algorithm: Use MCU to run EMS algorithm to optimize energy storage and distribution based on load demand, battery status and grid conditions.

Communication Interface

• CAN2.0: Uses the CAN interface for robust communication between different parts of the energy storage system.
• USB FS+OTG: Enables firmware updates and diagnostics via USB.
• Ethernet MAC: Ensures high-speed and reliable communication with external systems.

 Safety and protection mechanisms

• Watchdog Timer: Implement a watchdog timer to reset the system when the firmware is abnormal.
• Comparator: Utilize dual-channel comparators for overvoltage, undervoltage, and overcurrent protection.
• CPLD Resources: Use built-in 2k CPLD resources to implement custom logic functions such as additional safety checks or real-time signal processing.